Vietnam Performs First Mother-to-child Thalassemia Transplant With Blood Mismatch

HUE (Vietnam), Sept 9 (Bernama-VNA) — The Hue Central Hospital announced that it has successfully performed Vietnam’s first allogeneic bone marrow transplant for a child with Thalassemia, using marrow from the patient’s mother despite a blood-type mismatch.

The milestone procedure, completed on August 11, marks a breakthrough in domestic treatment of the inherited blood disorder.

The six-year-old patient, now stable, was discharged on Sept 8, Vietnam news agency (VNA) reported.

The patient, a girl from Bac Ninh province, was diagnosed with beta-Thalassemia at six months of age and required monthly blood transfusions.

Since age three, she underwent iron-chelation therapy to manage iron overload, with an MRI later revealing moderate iron accumulation in her liver.

Testing showed an 11/12 human leukocyte antigen (HLA) compatibility between the girl and her mother. The hospital’s board of directors, after consulting internal departments and Italian experts, approved the transplant, navigating the complexities of the blood-type mismatch.

In Vietnam, mismatched blood-type transplants often require additional steps, such as red blood cell depletion or Rituximab administration.

Here, doctors employed an immune-tolerance strategy, gradually introducing the mother’s blood type into the child while administering fluids and anti-allergy medication to minimise risks.

“This is our third mismatched blood-type transplant for Thalassemia, but the first in Vietnam involving a mother-to-child case”, said Prof. Dr. Pham Nhu Hiep, the hospital’s Director.

The patient faced complications, including infection, bladder bleeding, and mild graft-versus-host disease affecting the skin. Intensive monitoring and advanced equipment ensured her recovery, with her condition steadily improving post-transplant.

Thalassemia, a prevalent hereditary blood disorder in Vietnam, affects 2,000 to 2,500 children annually with severe forms.

Patients rely on lifelong transfusions and iron removal therapy, which can damage the heart, liver, kidneys, endocrine system, and bones, placing heavy financial and emotional strain on families and the healthcare system.

— BERNAMA-VNA

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